The EMBO Workshop on Molecular biology of Archaea will cover cutting-edge research in various fields with a focus on archaeal molecular biology, evolution, and ecology and their interconnections. The proposed talks will present data at different scales ranging from single molecule and structural studies to archaeal physiology, metabolism and ecological impact. This is of high interest as molecular studies of archaea are a very active field, reflecting the wealth of metagenomics information revealing novel biology that can now be addressed by the latest experimental and computational techniques.